Cluj-Napoca(Kloyzenburg in the project's index)2013-05-1711 min · 4 stretches · 8 questions about wordsYiddish 100%
Not online: the recording is held by the project and is not on Media Collections Online, YouTube or archive.org. Everything below is a paraphrase of a machine transcript, the weaker of this site's two transcript layers — see how it was made.
Summary
Camera file, 10:40, from a longer session recorded in 2013 (Kloyzenburg). An older man, whose name the index does not give, answers Kerler's questions about his home village in Transylvania. He first describes a rich local Jew who supported the synagogue and mikveh and kept a shop and tavern. The rest is about which languages Jews and non-Jews spoke (Yiddish, Hungarian, Romanian), his own schooling and cheder, and the Jews of the region.
Stretches
00:00–01:58
The interviewee describes a wealthy man named Pants (?), also called Raykh (?), who supported the synagogue and built a mikveh, though he was not pious. He owned a large clothing shop and a tavern (kretshme) selling various goods in the middle of the village. A second voice adds that Jews lived in the middle of the village, the local people on the sides, and Gypsies on a hill.
Answering Kerler's questions, the interviewee says the non-Jewish villagers spoke Romanian and Hungarian, with the intelligentsia speaking Hungarian. He gives rough percentages for the Romanian and Hungarian populations. As a child he spoke both languages and did his first classes at a local school, learning the non-Yiddish alphabet there, and went to cheder. At home Yiddish was spoken, and in the village roughly twenty-two Jewish families spoke Yiddish and three or four spoke Hungarian. He mentions Tirgu Mures (?) and says he learned Hungarian in the street among friends and neighbours.
The interviewee says non-Jews did not speak Yiddish. Jewish girls of his generation spoke Yiddish and Hungarian, little Romanian, because Hungarian was regarded as the language of culture. He explains that until about 1918 the region, Transylvania, belonged to Hungary, and that his father was born there.
Asked about observance and Yiddish, the interviewee says the pious spoke Yiddish and the half-modern also did. He says the region (called Mezerșik (?)) was Yiddish-speaking, and almost all Jews attended cheder and could read the prayers. The wealthy, such as Pants, had moved to Hungarian. Asked about Germans, he says there were none, only Orthodox and Neolog Jews. He mentions Arade (?), a large town where Neolog, Ashkenazi and other Jews lived, and a village called Zavol (?), where Jews made a living.