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MDV 755 · Bella Simkhovna Chirkova

Vinnytsya, Ukraine 13 July 2002 Interviewed by Dov-Ber Kerler, Dovid Katz, Jeffrey Veidlinger Part 3 of 5 41 min · 10 passages

One conversation with Bella Simkhovna Chirkova, continuing over MDV 753, MDV 754, MDV 755, MDV 756, MDV 757.

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Passages

0:00

Chirkova speaks about her life after the war. She taught dance to children for six months. Chirkova then talks about prewar religious life in Krasne, before addressing postwar life, as well as life today.

after the warbefore the warlife today Daily life (general)Religious life (general)Life todayWork and trades · MCO
From the machine transcript

Chirkova speaks about teaching in a dance class for children for about six months, and Kerler asks whether her parents took her to synagogue in Krasne. She mentions separate prayer groups of the shoemakers and tailors and answers questions about Hasidim in the town. She then moves to her postwar working life, studies and a long, partly unclear story about an illness and treatment.

adds Kerler's questions about Hasidim and opponents in Krasne and a story about an illness and treatment

4:11

Chirkova speaks about religious customs and prayers.

From the machine transcript

Kerler asks Chirkova whether she remembers prayers and how she prays; she says she prays and knows the books in Yiddish. He asks her to recite the Modeh ani for the camera, and she answers in fragments and talks about her children.

5:16

Chirkova talks about her life and encounters with soldiers during World War II. She was a nurse at the front in Central Asia. Chirkova shares episodes from the front in Uzbekistan upon the encounter of locals.

From the machine transcript

Chirkova recalls being sent to the front as a nurse and working in a hospital in Uzbekistan, with an episode involving a transport of canned goods and an accusation to be cleared before a tribunal. She describes Uzbek customs she saw, such as eating on the ground and men having three wives. She ends by saying she wants to speak, joke and sing in Yiddish.

adds her account of Uzbek customs and polygamy

11:13

Chirkova shares insights about her Jewish idenitity. She then addresses religious customs, including cleaning before Passover.

From the machine transcript

Chirkova states her Jewish identity and says Jews should observe holidays such as Shavuot and Passover, including kashrut and cleaning of the dishes and spoons. Kerler asks how Yiddish says 'cross' and about wearing a Star of David. She talks about the professor who served with her, and asks the interviewers to write to her, mentioning a letter from New York in Yiddish.

adds the dialect question about the word for cross and her request for correspondence

15:42

Chirkova talks about her Yiddish books, before she answers dialectological questions from the AHEYM Yiddish linguistic questionnaire.

From the machine transcript

Chirkova talks about Yiddish books and her schooling in Yiddish, then answers dialectological questions from Kerler and Katz. They ask for the Yiddish words for a cross and for the Star of David, and for colours of the sky, eyes and sea, such as blue. The talk shifts to her memory and age, and Katz begins asking for more words.

adds the colour-term questions and her talk of her memory and age

25:12

Chirkova speaks about Hanukkah celebrations, including food customs. She also mentions charity in Krasne before World War II.

From the machine transcript

Katz asks about Hanukkah; Chirkova says people must prepare, pray and help the poor, and that there was no dreidel spinning. She recalls hemp work from earlier times, and describes preparing Sabbath food in the oven, a stew kept closed until guests arrived.

adds Sabbath oven cooking and hemp work; the Krasne charity point is only loosely supported

28:43

Chirkova addresses prewar religious life in Krasne. She also gives advice on being a good human being, as well as conducting a religious life.

From the machine transcript

Katz asks about tsadikim and a hazzan and rabbi in Krasne. Chirkova describes a boy becoming a Jew at age twelve with the tallis, and gives advice on how to be a good person, to help others and keep faith in God. She says who can be a tsadik or a 'good Jew' and a rabbi.

adds the bar-mitzvah-age remark and her views on who a tsadik is

32:40

Chirkova discusses folk customs, including healers who avert the evil eye. She describes how an old woman would roll an egg.

From the machine transcript

Katz asks about people being cured of fright or the evil eye. Chirkova describes an old woman who says a prayer and rolls an egg and pours it into a glass, to find who frightened the person. A story about a Roma woman who came to her begins at the end.

34:21

Chirkova speaks about her life after World War II, particularly an encounter with a Roma woman that predicted her Chirkova's future. She recalls how the woman rolled an egg over Chirkova.

From the machine transcript

Chirkova tells how a Roma woman came to her after the war and offered to tell her fortune, and how she tested her by asking for a glass of water and then an egg poured into the glass. The woman predicted things about her husband and a child and said a guide would come to her. Chirkova speaks about her return from the front.

adds the fortune-telling details, which are only partly clear in the transcript

39:24

Chirkova addresses her personal piety.

From the machine transcript

Chirkova speaks about her personal piety, praying to God for the strength to help people for good and not for harm, and says she has shared what she has with others.