Dora Iosifovna Nisman

Nisman's interview begins. She talks about her weak Yiddish at home, says Dorfman asks her to check his articles about people she knows, and Kerler explains the AHEYM project and asks about her childhood. They chat about the age of a young man who speaks Yiddish and about Kerler's beard, and she mentions a Lubavitcher rebbe's stories.

Includes an explanation of the project and a chat about ages.

Nisman talks about the Yiddish magazine Lekhayim, published in Kyiv. She says it is a good journal, half on religion and half on literature; she mentions a story by Jud Süss Oppenheimer (?) and an article about Freud, and she gets copies late.

Nisman says she was born in Moldova and, asked where, names Rezina; she gives its Romanian name as well. She says she never studied Russian but learned from newspapers and reads German; she recites a line about girls and love, and reads about Chernivtsi writers and Eliezer Steinberg's book.

Adds her birthplace Rezina, languages and Steinberg.

Nisman reads the names of her two husbands: her first husband, Israel Nisman, was shot on 8 July 1941, and her second husband died seven years ago at 86. She mentions a daughter in Kyiv and one in Israel, and shows a photograph and a photocopy sent from Kyiv. She tells how she met Dorfman after singing a Yiddish song at a Hesed event, and shows Eliezer Steinberg's book, bought from his widow. They also talk about Chernivtsi writers and the artist Arthur Kolnik.

Adds the husbands' fates, the daughters, how she met Dorfman and Steinberg's book.

Nisman reads a humorous poem from Eliezer Steinberg's book about a ritual slaughterer's knife and the rabbi who blesses it. She explains terms used in it and mentions that she keeps a magnifying glass for reading; Kerler praises the writer.

Nisman and Kerler record her name: she is from Rezina, her patronymic is Iosifovna, her maiden name Weissman and her surname Nisman, taken from her husband who was shot. Kerler then asks for her address.

Explains that she bears her husband's surname so that his family name will live on.

Nisman says she lived in Rezina until the age of fourteen, then went alone to Chişinău for two years to learn at a Jewish vocational school. There were three trades on offer; she chose tailoring, because the richer children went to the others.

Names the school's street and the other two trades.

Nisman gives her father's name (Moshe Yosef Weissman) and says he was born in Raşcov. She names her mother, Feyge Shpre (?), and both sets of grandparents, those on the mother's side being in Slobodia (?). Two of the children died; six siblings remained before the war, and she alone survived. She says she was in the Chernivtsi ghetto.

Gives the names of grandparents and her maternal grandfather's work as a cantor.

Nisman says the Chernivtsi ghetto was run by the Romanians, who deported people to camps near the Bug. She saved her parents and a sister there, and the parents died in bed later. She then goes through her siblings: Leah, Shikele (Yeshaya), who served in the army and worked in Odessa and Kyiv, Esther, and Khayim, who died young in Samarkand. Nakhmen died in evacuation and Avrom of an illness. A second voice, probably Veidlinger, mentions his age and that he is from Toronto.

Adds the siblings' individual fates and the exchange with a second voice about his age and Toronto.

Nisman recalls studying at the Talmud Torah from age seven for three years, learning Hebrew and Bible, and dancing and singing at the graduation party. She wrote to her parents in Yiddish; the teacher Taybermann taught Hebrew. Her father said he could not afford gymnasium and sent her to a vocational school, after which she became a seamstress.

Adds the teacher, the Yiddish letters to her parents and her father's refusal of gymnasium.

Nisman estimates Jewish numbers in Chernivtsi and L'viv today. She describes her parents' poor but strictly religious home and her father's work as a forest caretaker. Kerler asks about words for an honest man and a pious man, and she explains terms for a trusted forest steward and for an honest and a believing person. Her mother complained about hunger.

Adds the terminology exchange on honest and pious.

Nisman describes prewar Sabbath at home: her father went to the synagogue with the boys, where he paid yearly for his own seat. On his return the table was set with a white cloth and challah. Her mother baked challah twice a week, and Kerler asks what the dough-offering was called.

Nisman describes Yom Kippur in prewar Rezina: the women's section of the synagogue, the pre-fast meal, and her father's challah-breaking. She goes on to the meat dish, to gefilte fish with her own recipe, and to a sweet-and-sour dish, with Kerler asking for the Yiddish word. She says the town stood outside the packed synagogue to hear the shofar, and she begins on Purim at the rebbe's.

Adds the recipe for gefilte fish and the terminology questions about dishes.

Nisman says that as a girl she visited the rebbe at Purim, and that she remembers the Chernivtsi rabbi, Dr Mark, who was shot with her husband and his group by the Germans. Kerler then asks about the word for the cucumber brine and she answers; she turns to Passover.

Adds the Chernivtsi rabbi Mark and the shooting of her husband.

Nisman continues Yom Kippur: her father and brother spent the whole day in the synagogue, while at home the mother and sister prepared the table and the food kept warm in a sealed oven. She gives a recipe for a honey cake and describes the break-fast meal. Kerler asks about kreplach.

Adds the sealed oven, the honey-cake recipe and the sister Esther.

Nisman describes Sukkot: her father built the sukkah himself beside the house, with a roof open to the stars. On Hanukkah he made a menorah from half potatoes, with oil and wicks. She says her father kept Yiddishkayt at home even though the children were not very devout.

Nisman says she now keeps the holidays in memory of her parents, with only a few guests, mostly non-Jews. In Soviet times she kept Passover with matzo and potato pancakes. Kerler asks about the terms for potato pancakes, and she says she made them at Hanukkah and displays a menorah, burning candles for eight days.

Adds the terms for latkes and the Hanukkah candle custom.

Nisman recalls Purim as a joyful holiday, with her father playing dreidel with the children, and visits to the Sadagora rebbe's courtyard, with singing and dancing. She recounts how Rabbi Mark walked with the cardinal. Passover recollections: the search for chametz and burning it, and who asked the four questions.

Adds the Sadagora Hasidic rebbe, Mark and the cardinal, and the Passover search for chametz.

Nisman shows a new Haggadah that she was given, with the death toll in Bessarabia, and a certificate and handmade work from the day centre. Kerler asks whether Purim plays were staged in Rezina, and she says theatre troupes came and mentions the Jewish National House in Chernivtsi.

Adds the Haggadah, certificate and handicrafts shown.

Nisman describes Shavuot food in prewar Rezina: cheese dumplings and varenikes with sour cream, and a mix of cheese and green onions. Kerler asks for the Yiddish words for onion greens and tassel, and the house was decorated with greenery at Shavuot.

Nisman talks about non-Jewish neighbors in her hometown who spoke Yiddish. One was a monastery servant who asked her to help him sweep. She says there was no antisemitism before the war and recalls a non-Jewish neighbor's family helping her when she left to study in Chişinău at fourteen. She says she feels little antisemitism today. Kerler then turns to her first husband.

Includes her time as a student in Chişinău at fourteen and a neighbor's family helping her there.

Nisman talks about her first husband, a bookkeeper who was shot. She was married to him for only a few months and remains in touch with his family. Discussion turns to the Yiddish and German poet Kubi Vol (name unclear in the transcript). She says she was his wife, not a lover. They met in Chernivtsi in the 1930s, and he died young of tuberculosis. He wrote twelve Yiddish poems. She reads a last poem from his book and shows photographs, one of them with Romanian writers. She names other Chernivtsi Yiddish writers and teachers.

Adds details of the book, her portrait with the Romanian writers, her marriage and the dates of her husband's death, and the lists of writers from Lipcani.

Nisman recalls amateur theater and singing at the Yiddish house in Chernivtsi, in a group called Kameleon. Kerler asks about a small-stage (Kleynkunst) form. She describes performing, and a photograph that was lost. She remembers Itzik Manger visiting Chernivtsi. She sang songs he wrote, which were set to music and which he taught to her, and she recalls his family. She also says she recited a poem at the Hesed. She explains that she wanted a family and children.

Includes Manger's family and her explanation of why she chose family life.

Nisman closes the interview because she must prepare for the 9 May celebration, which she calls a great holiday. She speaks about her family: grandchildren and great-grandchildren, with a younger daughter and grandchildren in Israel. A son was recently born to a grandson in Israel, and a brit was held. She then answers questions on terminology (the word for glasses, the word for pills). Her photographs are shown on camera. Russian conversation with another person is interspersed.

Adds the 9 May celebration, dialect terms asked about, and the Russian conversation with S3.

Mostly unclear chat in Yiddish and Russian between Kerler, S3 and Nisman around the end of her interview. The transcript does not show the singing of a song, and nothing of the community center is heard in this span.

The transcript does not show the song beginning or the cut to the community center.